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Physical Sciences
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Standard
1.
Energy and
matter have multiple forms and can be changed from one form to another.
As a basis for understanding this concept, students know:
a. Energy comes from the sun to the Earth
in the form of light.
b. Sources of stored energy take many forms, such as food, fuel,
and batteries.
c. Machines and living things convert stored energy to motion and
heat.
d. Energy can be carried from one place to another by waves, such
as water waves and sound, by electric current, and by moving objects.
e. matter has three forms: solid, liquid and gas.
f. Evaporation and melting are changes that occur when the objects
are heated.
g. When two or more substances are combined a new substance may be
formed that can have properties that are different from those of the original
materials.
h. All matter is made of small particles called atoms, too
small to see with our eyes.
i. People once thought that earth, wind, fire, and water were the
basic elements that made up all matter. Science experiments show that there
are over 100 different types of atoms which are displayed on the Periodic
Table of the Elements.
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Standard
2.
Light has
a source and travels in a direction. As a basis for understanding this
concept, students know:
a. Sunlight can be blocked to create shadows.
b. Light is reflected from mirrors and other surfaces.
c. The color of light striking an object affects how our eyes see
it.
d. We see objects when light traveling from an object enters our
eye.
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Life Sciences
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Standard
3
Adaptations
in physical structure or behavior may improve an organismís chance for
survival. As a basis for understanding this concept, students know:
a. Plants and animals have structures
that serve different functions in growth, survival, and reproduction.
b. Examples of diverse life forms in different environments, such
as oceans, deserts, tundra, forests, grasslands, and wetlands.
c. Living things cause changes in the environment where they live;
some of these changes are detrimental to the organism or other organisms,
whereas others are beneficial.
d. When the environment changes, some plants and animals survive
and reproduce, and others die or move to new locations.
e. Some kinds of organisms that once lived on Earth have completely
disappeared; some of these resembled others that are alive today.
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Earth Sciences
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Standard
4
Objects in
the sky move in regular and predictable patterns. As a basis for understanding
this concept, students know:
a.
The patterns of stars stay the same, although they appear to move across
the sky nightly, and different stars can be seen in different seasons.
b. How the moonís appearance changes during
the four-week lunar cycle.
c. Telescopes magnify the appearance of some
distant objects in the sky, including the moon and the planets. The number
of stars that can be seen through telescopes is dramatically greater than
can be seen by the unaided eye.
d. The Earth is one of several planets that
orbit the sun, and the moon orbits the Earth.
e. The position of the sun in the sky changes
during the course of the day and from season to season.
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Investigation
and Experimentation
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Standard
5
Scientific progress
is made by asking meaningful questions and conducting careful investigations.
As a basis for understanding this concept, and to address the content the
other three strands, students should develop their own questions and perform
investigations. Students will:
a. Repeat observations to improve accuracy,and
know that the results of similar scientific investigations seldom turn
out exactly the same because of differences in the things being investigated,
methods being used, or uncertainty in the observation.
b. Differentiate evidence from opinion, and know that scientists do
not rely on claims or conclusions unless they are backed by observations
that can be confirmed.
c. Use numerical data in describing and comparing objects, events and
measurements.
d. Predict the outcome of a simple investigation, and compare the result
to the prediction.
e. Collect data in an investigation and analyze them to
develop a logical conclusion.
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