Grade 2
History/Social Science
Standard 2.5

Students understand the importance of individual action
and character and explain how heroes from long ago and
the recent past make a difference in others' lives.
(e.g., biographiesof Abraham Lincoln, Louis Pasteur,
Sitting Bull, George Washington Carver, Marie Curie,
Albert Einstein, Golda Meir, JackieRobinson, Sally Ride)


 
Resources
Lesson Plans
Assessments

The following is a list of some book titles that could be used to tie literature with the social studies standard.  Other titles can be found in Literature for History-Social Science, Kindergarten Through Grade Eight, by the California Department of Education, 1993.
    The Story of Clara Barton, by Zachary Kent, Children's Press, 1987
The founder of the American Red Cross is the subject of this story.
  Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie, by Peter Roop, Carolrhoda,1985
This true story about a daughter who must keep the lights burning in the lighthouse for her dad, the lighthouse keeper who is lost in a storm.
  Marie Curie, by Louis Sabin, Troll 1985
Troll produces a number of biographies in paperback that are inexpensive and accessible.
  Louis Braille:  The Boy Who Invented Books for the Blind, by Margaret Davidson, 
Scholastic, 1974
An inspiring life for youngsters to know an understand is described in this book.
 

Collections for Young Scholars, Open Court Publishing Company, 1995

1.  Unit 1/Being Brave, "Sally Ride, Astronaut:  An American First" (pages 110-131, Framework for Effective Teaching).  A story about the first American woman and youngest astronaut to orbit the earth.  Sally Ride proves that hard work and determination are good preparation for meeting the challenges that lead to success.  
 *  Check your Student Toolbox for cross-curricular activities that tie in with this standard.
2.  Unit 1/Being Brave, "The Legend of the Bluebonnet" (pages 90-105, Framework for Effective Teaching).  In this story the unselfish actions of a young Comanche girl illustrate that true bravery requires strength of character.
 * Check your Student Toolbox for cross-curricular activities that tie in with this standard, especially 2 Social Studies-Native-American Legends  and other cards labeled in light green.
3.  Unit 4/Kindness, "Clara Barton:  Red Cross Pioneer" (pages 466-483, Framework for Effective Teaching).  Clara Barton, the founder of the American Red Cross, was not only one of the most famous nurses but she was also one of the first women to be considered as a leader in the United States.
 *  Check your Student Toolbox for cross-curricular activities that tie in with this standard, especially 10 Social Studies-interview a Community Helper, 11 Social Studies-The American Red Cross, 12 Social Studies-A Time Line to Success, and many otheractivities labeled with light green.
3.  Unit 7/our Country:  The Early Years
This unit contains stories that support students' understanding of this standard such as:
 "The First Americans," pages 234-259, Framework for Effective Teaching
 " Buttons for General Washington," pages 312-331, Framework for Effective Teaching
 "The Pioneers," pages 350-369, Framework for Effective Teaching 
 *  Check your Student Toolbox for cross-curricular activities that tie in with this standard, especially 21 Social Studies-Drawing a Map, and many other activities labeled with light green.
4.  Unit 8/Our Country:  E Pluribus Unum
This unit contains stories that focus on specific American heroes and their contribution to American history such as Abraham Lincoln, and Martin Luther king Jr.
 *  Check your Student Toolbox for cross-curricular activities that tie in with this standard, especially 24 Social Studies-The Confederate States, 29 Social Studies- Keepers of the Dream, 30 Social Studies Kwanzaa, and many other activities labeled with light green.

The Music Connection 2, Silver Burdett Ginn, 1995
The following musical lessons have a Social Studies connection which supports the teaching of this standard:
 Concepts
  1.  Unit 12, Lesson 1, pages 48-49, "Lone Star Trail"
  2.  Unit 15, Lesson 1, pages 58-59, " Get on Board"
  3.  Unit 17, Lesson 1, pages 66-67, "Little Wheel A-Turnin"
  4.  Unit 18, Lesson 1, pages 72-73, "Mama Paquita"  
 Themes
  1.  Unit 7, Lesson 3, pages 152-153, "Chippewa Lullaby"
  2.  Unit 7, Lesson 4, pages 154-155, "America"
 

Schools of California Online Resources for Education
Connecting California's Classrooms to the World
http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/
This website is filled with resources and lessons by grade level.  Just click on to second grade, People Who Make a Difference and you will find  lessons that support this standard.



Previously Published Data

Benjamin Franklin
http://sln.fi.edu/franklin/
inventor/inventor.html*
Description: This site is a short biography of Ben Franklin and has links to sites that deal with his inventions and discoveries.
Resource Type: Mix of Text and Graphics
Graphics Content: High
 

George Washington
http://www.history.org/
people/washhdr.htm*
Description: A George Washington biography, a description of his time in Williamsburg, and an excerpt from the book Duel in the Wilderness.
Resource Type: Mix of Text and Graphics
Graphics Content: High
 

George Washington
http://www.whitehouse.gov/
WH/glimpse/presidents
/html/gw1.html*
Description: This is a short, two page biography of George Washington.
Resource Type: Mix of Text and Graphics
Graphics Content: High
 

Happy Birthday, Dr. King
http://buckman.pps.
k12.or.us/room100/
timeline/kingframe.html*
Description: Come see children's drawings about Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s life.
Comments: This page has a link to the children's timeline of MLK's life and the text of his "I have a Dream" speech.
Resource Type: Other
Graphics Content: High
 

Happy Birthday, Martin Luther King Jr.
http://buckman.pps
.k12.or.us/room100/
timeline/kingframe.html*
Description: Links to student illustrated story and text of "I Have A Dream" speech.
Comments: Original artwork and stories are outstanding. 
Resource Type: Literature/Story
Graphics Content: High
 

Jefferson's Home: Monticello
http://www.monticello.org
/index.html*
Description: Join this virtual tour of Monticello and explore "A Day in the life of Thomas Jefferson."
Comments: This is an excellent site to explore Jefferson's life, including his contribution to US history as well as his living quarters
Resource Type: Other
Graphics Content: High
 

News of Yore:The Lewis and Clark Expedition
http://www.acadiacom.net/
will_o/FTPG_A.htm*
Description: This site site is in old newspaper style with 11 pages of the expedition with graphics.
Comments: HyperStudio style with related links to explore. 
Resource Type: Mix of Text and Graphics
Graphics Content: Low
 

Official Mount Rushmore Homepage
http://www.state.sd.us/
tourism/rushmore/
rushmore.html*
Description: This is a terrific page about beautiful Mount Rushmore National Park in South Dakota.
Resource Type: Mix of Text and Graphics
Graphics Content: High
 

The First Thanksgiving
http://media3.com/
plymouth/
thanksgiving.htm*
Description: This site gives a description of the frist thanksgiving and has links to more information on this topic.
Resource Type: Primary Source Text
Graphics Content: High
 

Theodore Roosevelt
http://www.whitehouse.gov
/WH/glimpse/presidents/
html/tr26.html*
Description: This is a short biography of Theodore Roosevelt.
Resource Type: Mix of Text and Graphics
Graphics Content: High



1.  Ask students to choose one person they know that makes a difference in the world. Have them write what this person does and illustrate their sentences. 
* Ask students to draw a picture of a person who makes the world a better place for them. Have them illustrate what this person does to make a difference and help them label the picture.
 

2.  Activity for the study of Louis Braille.
Ask students to name the five senses and have them give examples of how they use each. Then ask them which sense they use to read. Ask them how they might read if they could not use their eyes. Show students the Braille Alphabet on page 152. Explain that the Braille Alphabet uses raised dots in patterns to form each letter. Then ask students how this alphabet might help blind people read quickly. Identify Louis Braille as the man who invented this alphabet.
Check for Understanding 
* Have students write three sentences that tell why Louis Braille is a special person whose life work helped others. 
* Have students use the Braille alphabet on p. 152 to make a letter in Braille on tag paper with the point of a pencil. Ask volunteers to show how someone can read the letter using this method.

3.  Houghton Mifflin Activity Search
http://hmco.com/hmco/
school/search/activity.html
This website provides teachers in Grades K-8 with lesson plans for a variety of topics, including activities that support this standard.

4.  Activities and projects for the study of Martin Luther King, Jr.  See this website:
http://www.eduplace.com/
ss/king/mlk.html


Previously Published Data

President's Day WebMuseum
Viewable on the 1999 
CTAP CDROM
Why do Americans have a holiday to celebrate Presidents Linclon and Washington? Find out what these famous men did and decide for yourself if we should remember their birthdays each year.
 

Rock 'n' Roll Presidents on Mount Rushmore
Viewable on the 1999 
CTAP CDROM
Over 73 years ago, a historian named Doane Robinson had a dream to build a gigantic monument in his home state of South Dakota. Robinson came upon Gutzon Borglum, a sculptor, who was ready to take on the challenge. Borglum and Robinson wanted the monument to represent the ideals of our great American nation."The Glory of Democracy" was the theme for this great monument. Robinson and Borglum chose four American presidents to showcase the concept on which the United States was founded. "Man has a right to be free and to be happy." 
Author: Debbie Sawyer
 

Plymouth Plantation
..activity/plymouth/
index.html*
This activity is designed to enable elementary students to gain an understanding of how early Americans lived. This activity features a virtual tour of the Plymouth plantation as well as map work and letter writing. 
Author: Linda M. Ricchiuti - CTAP Curriculum Specialist
 

Abraham Lincoln: President and Leader During the Civil War
http://ericir.syr.edu/
Virtual/Lessons/
crossroads/sec3/k2/
unit6/u6g1l1.htm*
This lesson supports Adler's Picture Book of Abraham Lincoln. Students can choose from a wealth of activities to learn key history-social science concepts.


 


Student will pick an American hero and draw a picture to show a quality that made that person a hero in American history.  

Being brave is a quality that many American heroes possess.  Students will look through books, magazines, and newspapers to find pictures and  words that show examples of bravery.

After lessons including read-alouds about American heroes, assess students understanding of a person's contribution to history by engaging the children in a discussion to determine whether they have grasped the ways in which a person who was read about contributed to American history.